Colon Cancer Symptoms

Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that occurs in your bladder, a balloon-shaped organ in your pelvic area that stores urine. This is the fourth most common cancer in men and eighth most common type in women. Tumors can develop on the surface of the bladder wall or in severe cases, inside the walls and muscles underneath. Bladder cancer typically affects older adults but can occur at any age. Tumors of the bladder are 2-3times more common in men.

Causes of bladder cancer

Smoking, sex and diet can affect the risk of developing bladder cancer. Bladder cancer is also associated with exposure to industrial aromatic amines in dyes, paints, benzene, nitrates, solvents, leather dust, inks, combustion products, rubber and textiles. The period between exposure to carcinogens and the development of symptoms is about 18 years.

There is limited evidence that Diet plays a role in the development of bladder cancer, but a diet with fruits and vegetables and low in fat may help reduce the risk. Urinary tract infection, kidney stones and bladder, and other causes of chronic bladder irritation has been linked to bladder cancer (especially squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder), but not necessarily cause cancer of the bladder.

The signs of bladder cancer

Where start and about 25% of patients had no> Symptoms. Usually the first sign of bladder cancer is blood in the urine, pain after urination, frequent urination and dribbling. But these signs and symptoms are not specific for bladder cancer and may also be caused by tumors, including prostate infections and cystitis.

Types of bladder cancer

Tumors are divided into invasive disease and superficial. Superficial bladder cancer is limited to the inner lining ofbladder. invasive bladder cancer has at least penetrated the muscular layer of the bladder wall. Less than 5% of bladder cancer in the United States in squamous cell carcinoma, but the world is the most common form, accounting for 75% of bladder cancer in underdeveloped countries. Urothelial carcinoma (transitional cell carcinoma) is by far the most common form of bladder cancer in the United States.

Diagnosis of bladder cancer

CancerBladder is usually curable if diagnosed with cancer, while it is still contained in the bladder, and up to 80% of cancers diagnosed at this early stage. A biopsy of bladder cancer is usually done during cystoscopy. Ultrasound and CT arteriography and urine tests can also be done.

Treatment of bladder cancer

Treatments include bladder surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and biological therapy. The scene and the quality of cancerprovide important information and can guide treatment. Superficial bladder tumors are removed surgically with chemotherapy is added to the regimen to help prevent recurrence. Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion (an external bag) is usually undertaken to invasive carcinoma of the bladder.

Several new compounds have shown activity against cancer of the bladder transitional cell, and is now being tested in combination with chemotherapy trials. BCG immunotherapy is the mosteffective intravesical therapy and involves a live attenuated strain of Mycobacterium bovis. Immunotherapy in the form of BCG instillation is also used to treat and prevent recurrences of superficial tumors. Alternative treatments such as the treatment of bladder cancer herbal can also be of some benefit.

Reducing risks

Quitting smoking can reduce the risk of bladder cancer, and if you have been diagnosed with superficial bladder cancer, quitting smokingTo reduce the risk of developing tumors in the future. Bladder cancer recurrence by 50% -80%, and thus, doctors recommend cystoscopy screening every three months during the first two years after treatment. People who drink lots of fluids every day have a lower rate of bladder cancer.

Survival rate

The prognosis depends on the stage of the tumor, whether it is superficial and invasive bladder cancer has spread and whetherin other parts of the body. superficial bladder cancer has a favorable prognosis, with 5-year survival rates of 82-100%. If a tumor is growing in the lining of the bladder, but has not spread to other organs, treatment usually involves surgical removal of the tumor, or combined with chemotherapy and radiotherapy, with a five-year survival of 60% to 75%. Patients with more deeply invasive tumors, which are usually less well differentiated and those with lymphovascular invasionexperience with the 5-year survival of 30% to 50% after radical cystectomy.

Most cancers are named when they started. For example, lung cancer starts in the lung and breast cancer starts in the chest. Spread of cancer from one body part to another is called metastasis.

Causes of cancer

Symptoms and treatment depend on the type of cancer and how advanced. Treatment plans may include surgery, radiation therapy and / or chemotherapy. Causes of cancer cells are the elements of lifethings. kanker the growth of normal cells of the body. Normal cells multiply when the body needs, and dies because the body does not. Cancer appears to occur when the growth of cells in the body is out of control and cells divide too quickly. Can also occur when cells "forget" how to die. There are many different types of cancer. Cancer can develop in almost any organ or tissue, including lung, colorectal, breast, skin, bone, nerves or tissue. The mutation DNA changes these instructions, so the cells continue to grow. This causes the cells to replicate uncontrollably, producing a piece of cloth known as a tumor.

Symptoms of cancer

Symptoms of cancer depend on the nature and location of the tumor. For example, lung cancer cause coughing, shortness of breath or chest pain, while colon cancer often have diarrhea, constipation causes, and blood in the stool. LocalSymptoms> occur when the cancer is contained in a part of your body. These include changes in bowel or bladder habits, hurts to heal not unusual bleeding or discharge, thickening or lump in breast or other parts of the body, indigestion or difficulty swallowing, obvious change in a wart or mole cough or annoying or hoarseness.

Cancer

Treatment varies depending on the type of cancer and its stages. The stage of cancerrefers to what is grown and whether the cancer has spread from its original position. If the tumor is confined to one place and not missing, as is the goal of treatment is surgery and healing. If the cancer has spread to local lymph nodes only, sometimes can be removed.

Complementary medicine techniques like acupuncture, yoga and meditation can make a useful addition to normal medical treatment. If all the tumors can be removedsurgery, treatment options include radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or both. Some cancers require a combination of surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.